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新伊甸园20228

张玉松

去了很多地方旅行，第一次在这里发帖子。请支持新人~~~ 三年前就知道帕劳这个地方，但那时候非常贵，去一趟一个人至少要两三万，元旦节突然发现降价，而且又开通了香港到帕劳的国际航班，于是我毫不考虑的选择了这个地方。估计知道帕劳的人很少很少，所以这篇游记的文字写得稍微详细一点，为以后想去的朋友做个参考。绝大多数照片出自于防水卡片机，水中照相难度大，效果一般，请见谅。真实看到的好于照片十倍百倍！想问个问，怎么才能把照片弄小点呢。太大了感觉不太好看啊一、帕劳介绍帕劳共和国（Palau），台湾人称他为帛琉，是太平洋上的岛国，是太平洋进入东南亚的门户之一。帕劳由大岛（Babeldaob），科罗岛（Koror），贝里琉岛（Peleliu），安佳岛（Angaur）等主要岛屿，北边一些环状珊瑚岛，以及西边的洛克群岛（Rock Islands）组成。 1994年10月1日从美国的托管统治下独立。全国常驻人口只有2万人。　　　　帕劳大大小小340个火山岛和珊瑚岛中只有8个岛有常住居民。群岛分布在南北长640公里的海面上，全国海岸线长达1519公里。到这里来的外国人多半都是为了领略热带海洋风光，摇曳的棕榈树，温和的海风，银白的沙滩，还有水下奇观。这里是著名的潜水圣地。　　世界上最权威的《美国国家地理杂志》在《人一生要去的50个地方》里，把帕劳列为了“人间天堂”类之首，超过了希腊、塞舌尔、马尔代夫。　　书里是这么形容帕劳的：如果你向往真正纯净的海水，那么帕劳便是你寻找的世外桃源。帕劳的洛克群岛是太平洋最纯净的海洋生态系统之一，免遭工业污染的最后净土。不论是艳阳高照的白天，还是温润可人的夜晚，你都可以走在雪白细腻的沙滩上，感受世上最最清澈透明的海水。这里的海水有一种奇异的蓝绿色，那样纯净而又诡异，让人不敢相信，不敢触碰，只怕一伸手便打破了眼前的美梦。在帕劳，你会重新学到什么是海，什么是地，什么是光，什么是热。炽热的空气，清凉的海水，在这里，忘记自己，忘记外面的世界实在不是件困难的事。上帝创造帕劳似乎就是为了显示自己能够创造出一个多么美妙的世界。终于弄明白了，原来是要把图片的尺寸改得很小很小。可以继续发下去了！二、帕劳旅游感受普吉岛、长滩岛、沙巴、塞班、马尔代夫、大堡礁、塞舌尔、毛里求斯、帕劳、夏威夷……（三亚和这些地方不是一个档次，毫无性价比可言，恕不再提）。。。世界上有很多很多玩海的地方，从我去过和平时了解的情况来发表一点个人见解。普吉、长滩、沙巴（势巴丹除外）等地因为价格经济，离中国较近，所以人特别多，海水也受到一定程度的污染。塞班价格较高，游玩方式单一，可玩性不强。马尔代夫海景绝美，住宿条件非常好。但马尔代夫的游玩方式也很单一，每天都只能在同一个岛上，只能在同一小片海域潜水，能够看到的东西非常有限，适合追求休闲安逸的情侣、老人。大堡礁、塞舌尔、毛里求斯……没有去过，海水肯定没得说，大堡礁在看珊瑚和鱼类上应该能胜过帕劳，在此暂不作评价。帕劳，我觉得如果把马尔代夫算作奢侈休闲游的话，帕劳就应该归类为户外游。在帕劳的整个旅行过程中，几乎不能穿得漂漂亮亮去照相，几乎没有地方可以购物，绝大多数时间都是被海水泡得蓬头垢面，绝无形象可言，而且一整天的水上活动对体力和抗晒能力也是一种挑战。帕劳水下生物的种类位列全世界前列，被誉为“上帝的水族箱”，是一个非常适合潜水的地方。所以，我觉得，帕劳不适合太注重形象、不化妆不出门、不能吃苦、把旅游视为购物的人。适合体力好、不怕晒、不注重形象，真正懂得旅行真谛的人。三、帕劳旅游注意事项　　　1.航班：中国到帕劳只有两种方式。一是帕劳航空，香港直飞帕劳，飞行时间4小时；二是北京到首尔转机到帕劳。帕劳航空有一些很奇怪的管制，比如化妆品不管多少ml都不能带上飞机，带肉干不能过关，可以带一个打火机。 2.时差：比中国早1个小时。 3.气候：帕劳属于热带海洋性气候，四季都是夏天，天天都有艳阳高照的好天气，即使是在7月到10月的雨季，也顶多只有午后的雷阵雨。 4.语言：通用语言是英语。但当地很多台湾人，很多地方都可以用国语沟通。 5.货币：通用货币是美元。 6.电源：美。 7.通信：中国移动开通国际漫游可以在帕劳通信，短信3.99元/条，电话打接都是30元/分钟。中国联通与帕劳没有双边协议，不能漫游到帕劳。（在此特别感谢小金同学大半夜就通信问对我们的帮助） 8.网络：酒店大堂一般都有wifi，但帕劳全国公用2M宽带，速度可想而知。房间里就不用奢望宽带了。四、帕劳旅游需带物品帕劳跟很多旅游点不一样，几乎就是玩海，所以有些东西是必须带的 1.防晒潜水衣：帕劳的阳光毒得可怕，擦太多防晒霜自己不舒服，而且防晒霜的味道会让鱼儿不想亲近你，所以穿一套防晒潜水衣就太合适了，可以防晒、防水母、在快艇上还能防寒。建议买长袖长裤的潜水衣。在当地可以租到很薄的防晒衣，好像是10美金一天。 2.脚蹼：在帕劳潜水的时间非常长，体力消耗相当大，风浪大的时候就更为困难了。所以脚蹼一定要有，可以节省很多体力，也能解放双手出来照相。长短脚蹼都可以，长的游起来更省力，但携带有些不便。当地租长脚蹼好像是5美金一天。 3.面镜呼吸管：浮潜必备的。在当地参加浮潜项目，旅行社会提供，咬嘴也是全新的，如果不怕麻烦，可以自己买一个干式的面镜呼吸管，如果没什么特殊要求，也可以就用旅行社提供的。有度数的面镜需要拿钱租。 4.防晒霜：有防晒衣就只需要擦脸，不然就要擦全身。一定要做好防晒工作。胖子就是第一天擦晚了一点，裸露在外面的皮肤全部晒得又红又痛。 5.厚底沙滩鞋：去水母湖的时候会翻一座小山，路不太好，鞋底太薄太软都不利于走路，所以还是要带一双好鞋子。 6.短袖短裤若干：帕劳空气很潮湿，衣服洗了一夜几乎不会干，所以多带两套换的。 7.防水相机：前面说了，帕劳没有多少穿得漂漂亮亮用单反照相的机会，美景都在水下，若想记录下海里的美景，这个是必备！从效果来说，从好到坏，最好是单反相机加防水壳，但价格太高，太重，水性不好的人驾驭不了；其次是防水卡片机，强烈推荐佳能D20，淘宝上租20块钱一天，效果凑合。再次是卡片机加防水壳，当地可以租相机，Canon卡片机加防水壳，35美金一天。上一张我自己的照片，不是美女，请见谅，大家手下留情哈五、行程介绍帕劳旅游有4日、5日、6日三种，都是自由行，旅行社只负责你的机票和酒店。酒店根据自己的选择价格不同。帕劳中国人很少，台湾人、日本人和韩国人去旅游的最多。我选择的是5天4晚的自由行，住宿选择的当地四星，爱莱度假酒店。其实说是自由行，其实到了帕劳必须得参团，首先，要出海，不参团就没有船可以走，安全也没有保障。其次，帕劳没有公交车，出租车也可以叫几乎没有，几乎举步维艰。所以，大家到了帕劳都会在当地的地接社报名参加自费项目。帕劳最大的两个地接社，一个是P.I.T,在当地是最出名，口碑最好的，一般都接待日本、韩国人。另一个是";长虹快乐假期"，是个台湾人开的地接社，导游都是台湾人，中国人和台湾人一般参加这个。我们这次就是选择的长虹快乐假期，事实证明，服务非常好，严重推荐！！！！下面是我参加的自费行程：第一天香港-帕劳航班：p7 653（1935-0035+1）（飞行时间约4小时）第二天帕劳自费套餐洛克群岛rock island西线一日游景点：黄金沙滩硬珊瑚区软珊瑚区玫瑰珊瑚山中湖（沉船遗迹）德国水道大断层第三天帕劳自费套餐洛克群岛rock island东线一日游景点：鲸鱼岛whale island】【梦幻之岛】【无人岛】【水母湖jelly fish lake】【鲨鱼城】【牛奶湖milky way】【美人鱼水道】【星光派对超级卡那卡秀】【海豚湾海豚研究中心第四天帕劳自费套餐帕劳市区游景点：帕劳博物馆】【男人会馆】【帕劳kb大桥第五天帕劳-香港自费套餐水上疯狂俱乐部景点：黄金沙滩参加皮滑艇独木舟、脚踏船、风浪板、透明观景船、沙滩排球、sup划桨式冲浪板、跪式冲浪板、ms帆船等八项水上娱乐项目尽情娱乐航班：p7 654(16：15-19：15)（飞行时间4小时）六、游记第一天：香港——帕劳帕劳对中国免，在飞机上要填一个帕劳入境单，很简单。必须要提一下这次飞行，我们居然和帕劳的总统坐的一班飞机，总统包了前七排的位子。一个国家的总统居然没有专机，还要坐普通民航的飞机，不知道是说他惨还是清廉。不管怎样，能与一个总统同机，我觉得很荣幸，哈哈！！！下了飞机办入境手续。那里人工作效率底，过关回到酒店已经是半夜了，赶紧收拾好第二天出海的东西，赶快睡觉，补充体力。第二天：帕劳洛克群岛西线一日游早上10点，导游来接我们出海。我们的导游叫Ethan，是个台湾人，说话完全的台湾腔，很温柔。从酒店去码头大约20分钟，车上Ethan就一直给我们介绍面镜、呼吸管怎么用，面镜除雾、进水处理，浮潜游泳的一些技巧，感觉比泰国的导游负责得多。泰国的导游什么都不会说，直接把人扔在水里。到达“长虹快乐假期”的专用码头，大家需要在这里拿救生衣和面镜呼吸管，在这里可以租潜水衣、脚蹼、相机等等。码头很小很小，全都是长虹的船（一）黄金沙滩帕劳其实是没有沙滩的，酒店的私家沙滩、岛上的沙滩其实都是人造的，沙非常粗，很硌脚。黄金沙滩是“长虹快乐假期”旅行社自己的码头上人造的一小片沙滩，并且用防鲨网围起来了一篇海域，作用一是让游客在这里熟悉浮潜技巧，二是在这里进行水上疯狂俱乐部里的八项娱乐项目。今天来到黄金沙滩，主要就是练习浮潜。每一个人要正确使用浮潜工具，在水里呼吸，翻身，并且让Ethan过目，Ethan觉得合格了，才能上船出海。黄金沙滩的海域，天气不错，看到这样的水已经开始激动了~~~ 大家迫不及待跳入水中，让Ethan看自己的浮潜水平沙滩边有人在玩水上项目（二）山中湖（日军沉船）这是洛克群岛西线浮潜的第一个点。洛克群岛内有很多山中湖，因为特殊的地形，山中湖的水很平静，适合浮潜初学者。到这里来的目的一是看一艘二战时期日军被击毁的沉船，二是让大家练习一下浮潜。全副武装的我日军沉船。第一次看到真实的沉船，船身全部腐锈了，感觉很恐怖山中湖里有一种灵芝珊瑚】，又叫【桌面珊瑚，因为长得很平，所以叫这个名字吧（二）长沙滩这里有一条长约一百多公尺的沙滩将海中的两个岛连起来，它涨潮时就会被淹掉，退潮时才会显现出来。我们运气不好，两个月前的一场台风把上长沙滩的岛给吹毁了，现在正在修复，近期内都上不了长沙滩，只能远观。中间那一条白白的就是沙滩（三）大断层这是帕劳浮潜中最经典的一个景点。这里的海底深度从3尺骤降到2000多尺，就是一个海底的悬崖峭壁，景色之壮阔。这里有大型的巡游鱼群，有各类珊瑚，只是这里水流速度非常快，在看海底世界的同时，一定要盯着导游，否则一不小心就被海浪冲跑了，对体能考验较大。先看看断层，一边很浅，一边深不见底，对我这种水性不是特好的人来说，看着挺恐怖的。有一只小丑鱼游过哦我的相机canon D20 在淘宝上租的，租金20元一天。除非是专业水下摄影爱好者，可以用单反加防水罩，普通人还是用防水相机方便一点。从来没见过这么多种类的珊瑚这珊瑚长得跟迷宫似的 canon D20 有水下微距功能，拍珊瑚特别有用。再来两张一群黑色的鱼游过去，要仔细看觉得这个珊瑚长得很像屁股这条鱼肉好厚，感觉肉吃起来应该比较老擦了口红的鱼。太屌了！！！鱼游得很快，水流也很快，要拍清楚真的好难啊！！！我把它叫做黄色荧光鱼(

日本乱码—本二本三本免费播放

彭旻幸

鹰飞鹞落九秋天今早三时，一下火车，凛冽的寒风砭人肌骨，把我硬生生从大别山斑斓的秋色拉回了徐州的初冬。呵呵，季节轮回的脚步真快！现在慢慢回味着这次穿越，把旅途的记忆，点点滴滴，拿出来和大家一起分享。攻略我写不好，怕误人行程，简单说说我们这次的线路。 2009.10.29 晚8点四省驴友14人合肥集中，然后坐20：25的动车至六安与湖北的驴友磊子汇合，包车至大别山腹地的堆谷山村。美美的睡上一觉，第二天好有体力爬山。 10.30 穿越龙井河一号线，赏龙井瀑、龙王樽瀑、鲤鱼跳龙门瀑，越鬼门关，下至马家河12队，宿向导老金家。 10.31 翻越川岭至包家，包车至鹞落坪，参观红28军军政旧址、登小岐岭、游楚长城，至湖北英山界返回，扎营腐败，万圣节狂欢。 11.1 由鹞落坪穿越十里画廊、过美丽村至包家，包车返回六安，各自回程。这条线路是折翼飛翔精选的赏秋线路，登山徒步、观瀑赏红叶、红色旅游、腐败自虐兼顾，有探路的性质，旅途衔接相当好。赞一个！这是我今年第三次来大别山了，每次的大别山之行都会带给我不同的惊喜。喜欢堆谷山这个美丽的山村，淳朴善良的人们。添把柴哈哈！出发前的WeiMade！10月30日早9时进入龙井河峡谷龙井瀑连续干旱，瀑布比我上次来时小了很多。螳螂捕蝉(

日本乱码一线二线—本二本三本高清乱

陈怡婷

新加坡的志和象征——鱼尾狮远眺滨海湾的新加坡河入海口夜色中的滨海湾滨海湾（Marina Bay）是新加坡河河口外的海湾，曾是新加坡的门户。远洋船只在这里停泊，或由此进入新加坡河的内河码头。今天，在滨海湾口外修建了拦海挡咸大坝，大型船只不再进湾。坝后的滨海湾已是一个拦蓄淡水的水库，成为市区内的大型水域景观。世界上著名的银行、保险等金融机构，各领域的著名跨国公司，纷纷落户这里。商业、购物和会展中心，酒店、娱乐和文化设施，散布期间。在滨海湾逛一圈，慢慢欣赏大约需要两小时的时间，从榴莲样的展览馆出发，步行滨海湾，可以经过鱼尾狮公园，遥望对面金沙酒店、莲花状的博物馆、城市公园等，同时品味海湾同一侧的各种安静酒吧、美味餐饮店、散步道，吹着海风，异常舒服。夜晚，华灯初上，在各色灯光中的滨海湾更加绚烂。滨海湾金沙酒店号称当今世上最昂贵酒店，耗资40亿英镑打造、拥有室外泳池、观光平台、豪华赌场等高档设施的度假酒店正式对宾客开放，最令人叫绝的是，宾客们可以在游泳的同时，俯瞰新加坡的城市景观。空中游泳池，是全球最大的空中室外无边际游泳池，建在55层高的塔楼顶层，高度为198米。空中花园如同一个巨型的冲浪板横跨在三座酒店的顶部。这座耗资1亿多美元建造空中花园，占地1.24万平方米，距离地面200多米高，种植了250多棵树木和650多株植物，可同时容纳3900人参观游览。另外，空中花园设有可同时容纳几百人的公共观景台，宾客们在此能一览南中国海、滨海湾、以及新加坡城市的壮美景观。感受新加坡之一——漫步岛国看狮城干净清新亦繁华（概述篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之二——休闲小岛走不停亚洲最南寻风情（圣淘沙篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之三——参天巨树生满园热带风情绿无限（植物园篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2231866-1-1.html感受新加坡之四——绿意充盈总统府世外桃源乌敏岛（总统府等篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2253589&page=1&extra=#pid55203314感受新加坡之六——狮城国花胡姬花千姿百态芬芳开（胡姬花篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2299743&;page=1&extra=#pid58352540感受新加坡之七——小印度里寻缩影甘榜格南回族情（新加坡河等篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2322447-1-1.html 感受新加坡之八——立体交通路纵横街道小区绿充盈（交通和街道篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2326625-1-1.html 感受新加坡之九——狮城春节气息浓牛车水里最喜庆（春节和牛车水篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2330106-1-1.html感受新加坡之十——方式灵活有初院环境优美好校园（南初篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2344728-1-1.html感受新加坡之十一——享誉全球名高校环境优雅美校园（南大篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2354269-1-1.html 莲花型的新加坡艺术科学博物馆，其外形好似一朵盛开的莲花或者一只张开的手，屋顶可以收集雨水和光线，供博物馆日常使用。榴莲壳歌剧院。从外观造型上看，新加坡滨海艺术中心很像一颗剖开两瓣的榴莲。这个被俗称“榴莲剧院”的奇异建筑，被公认为是新加坡的地，而且“非常新加坡”。榴莲壳是由一片片三角形金属板所组成的，这些金属板在太阳的照射下呈现出各种光与影的变幻，很有质感、美感和现代感。新加坡城市中心也是随处可见苍天巨树位于新加坡河岸边的高楼和别墅区远眺金沙大酒店。金沙大酒店号称当今世上最昂贵酒店，是新加坡的地建筑，酒店由三座设计独特的55层摩天大厦组成，顶部建有景色壮观的金沙空中花园，提供360度广阔视野，让您饱览南中国海以及新加坡美丽的城市风景线。空中花园中设有餐厅、绿意盎然的花卉、壮观的无边际泳池和宽广的公共观光平台。站在金沙大酒店中间楼下仰视金沙大酒店站在金沙大酒店顶层的公共观景台俯视新加坡河入海口和国家植物园金沙大酒店顶层的公共观景台天台游泳池。建在滨海湾金沙酒店55层空中花园里的天台游泳池，是奥运会泳池长度的三倍，高度为198米，是这一高度下世界上最大的泳池平台。泳池号称“无限泳池”，一层意思指它看似无边界，另一层则指泳池面积大。在如此高度上，你可以一边游泳，一边俯瞰新加坡景色;不畏高的朋友可以在池边行走，仿佛倘佯在天空中;泳池还能带来水流流向地平线的奇特效果。新加坡摩天观景轮是世界最大的观景轮。高达165米，相等于42层楼高的建筑物，比著名的“伦敦眼”摩天轮还高出30米。整体耗资2.4亿新元。每个观景舱面积为4米乘7米，相等于一辆中型单程巴士的大小。观景轮上共有28个观景舱，每个观景舱可容纳多达28位乘客。旋转速度为每秒0.24米,或每小时00.76公里。每一圈旋转的乘客量是784位乘客。绕转：观景轮每转动一圈需时约30分钟。当观景轮转动时，能够以全方位360°观赏到志性地，鸟瞰滨海湾、新加坡河、莱佛士坊、鱼尾狮公园、皇后坊、政府大厦草场等。从观景轮遥望，还可以看到樟宜国际机场和圣淘沙，甚至是马来西亚和印度尼西亚的部分地区。滨海湾在新加坡地图上的位置新加坡河岸悠闲的人们宁静的新加坡河畔在新加坡并不多见的自行车鱼尾狮公园是新加坡面积最小的公园，面积只有0.0071公顷。它位于新加坡河河口，而公园的主就是屹立在安德逊桥旁边的鱼尾狮塑像。鱼尾狮是在1964年由前范克里夫水族馆馆长布仑纳设计的，也是新加坡旅游局的前志。旅游局过后委任已过世的著名雕塑家林浪新按照布仑纳的设计，耗资16万5000元，雕刻了这尊高7公尺的鱼尾狮像，并在1972年3月置于新加坡河口。此外，公园内也置有另一樽会喷水的小鱼尾狮塑像。滨海湾附近高楼林立在市区内遥看金沙大酒店游船在滨海湾游弋河岸的别墅区宽阔的河面河水奔向滨河湾的入海口站在金沙大酒店顶层观景台侧看空中游泳池金沙购物中心（The Shoppes at MarinaBay Sands）。对于追逐奢华、爱恋时尚的购物狂们来说，汇集了 300 多家名店旺铺和餐饮设施的滨海湾金沙购物中心，就是您尽情的最大游乐场！这里汇聚了高档精品与国际前卫设计师大牌，如 Ralph Lauren、Cartier、Prada等国际大牌，成为时尚爱好者们的购物天堂。于 2011 年 9 月盛大开幕的 Louis Vuitton Island Maison，就进驻于一座“飘浮”在滨海湾水面之上的水晶阁中，这是出自获奖建筑大师 Peter Marino 的精湛手笔，也可说是巴黎以外最大、东南亚首家在零售空间内注入浓浓文艺气息的 Louis Vuitton店。在此，购物者们不仅能尽情畅买，还能透过全玻璃落地长镜透视四周，大饱眼福。新加坡滨海湾金融中心。新加坡不仅在国际金融、贸易融资、海事金融、保险、财务运作方面拥有领先地位、在资产及财富管理方面也趋于的佼佼者。此外，根据2014年最新全球金融中心排名报告，新加坡是继纽约、伦敦之后的第三大国际金融中心。俯瞰滨海湾繁忙的码头滨海湾的新加坡河入海口在滨海湾新加坡河入海口向新加坡城区俯瞰海湾郁郁葱葱海湾繁忙的运输船只([]

天美传媒麻豆蜜桃飘香

赖婉君

Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang"; means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]

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穿越昔日日本（江户东京建筑园）1993年，在东京都立小金井公园内开园的江户东京建筑园是一座户外型博物馆。建筑园占地约7公顷，园中排列着从江户时代到昭和初期的29栋复原建筑物，按年份排列，也就是从1652年到1942年期间的建筑。许多历史建筑物难以在建造的当地保存，却又有着极高的文化价值，建筑园的使命就是将这些历史建筑物按原样移建，并在此基础上进行保存和展示。建筑园是模仿东京都的地形而设计的。东区是商人和手艺人居住的平民区；中心区域是江户时期武士及明治时代以后（1868年～）官员及实业家等人的居住区；西区则再现了田园式的农户居住的武藏野高地。在这种独具匠心设计的园内，不同建筑保持着各自固有的环境氛围，所以在建筑园里散步，不由得产生一种时光倒流的感觉。在茅草屋顶的民宅里，每天都有志愿者在地炉里生火，这样做一方面是用烟熏防止茅草生虫，另一方面使得建筑园的来客追忆起当时的农家生活。当迈入东区平民区，一种奇妙的观光气氛便会大幅增加。之所以产生这种感觉，是因为这里有着明治时代的石造警察局建筑和街灯等物品，还有在商店的货架上摆放着仿制明治时代的商品，这不仅仅是建筑物的再现，也是将当时的生活情景进行再现。这正是江户东京建筑园的一大特征。(摘自網絡)公園內深秋的景色公園內建筑([]

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走进野性非洲——2013年7月肯尼亚野生动物游猎记行摄匆匆小时候，我们从书本上知道了大象、狮子和老虎，我们对这些动物既喜欢又害怕，而去动物园看它们则是我们童年时代共同的梦想。肯尼亚是世界上公认的观赏野生动物的最佳国度。在马赛马拉动物保护区，非洲五兽——非洲象、犀牛、野牛、狮子和猎豹随处可见；在博格利亚湖国家公园，红色的火烈鸟成群结队在蓝天碧水间翱翔；在安布塞利国家公园，海明威笔下的乞立马扎罗雪山映照着满地的如茵绿草。每年的7-9月份，东非大草原上数以百万计的野生动物开始了一年一度的大迁徙，成群结队的角马、斑马和羚羊由南部的坦桑尼亚向邻近的肯尼亚迁徙，场面甚为壮观。　　2013年夏天，我们终于踏上这片非洲热土，去肯尼亚看动物大迁徙。从某种意义上讲，这是去圆一个我们儿时的梦。Safari一词源于肯尼亚的地方语言斯瓦西里语，是名词“旅游”的斯瓦西里语发音。19世纪中后期欧洲对非洲的大规模殖民入侵和开发过程中，遍布非洲草原的野生动物成为欧洲人感兴趣的目，以真枪狩猎为内容的非洲旅行成为欧洲人的选择。作为英国殖民地的肯尼亚，是欧洲人狩猎旅行最主要的目的地。于是，对这种旅行的定义借用了当地斯瓦西里语，被称为safari。丹麦女作家伊萨克•迪内森的小说，后来被西德尼̶6;波拉克拍成奥斯卡获奖电影的《走出非洲》，描写的就是那时的场景。随着野生动物保护观念的兴起，携带真枪的狩猎行为被大大限制了，照相机取代了真枪，safari成为特指到东非以观赏拍摄野生动物为目的的旅行的代名词，这个词也进入了英文字典。safari翻译成中文就是狩猎旅行或者游猎。十来天的safari，从动物不太密集的地区一路旅行到野生动物集中的区域，这是一种非常特别的享受。这很像一曲好的音乐或者一部好的电影，以饶有兴味不紧不慢的序幕引入，逐渐推向高潮，戛然而止，让我们兴奋不已、回味无穷！时间：2013年7月26日——8月6日线路：内罗毕(Nairobi)—马赛马拉(Maasai Mara)—奈瓦沙(Naivasha)—博格利亚(Bogoria)—甜水(Sweet Waters)—桑布鲁(Samburu)—内罗毕(Nairobi)队员：行摄匆匆、游民、相守、阿韦、有足道、天下网拳、岚轩主人、博士，Najia，洁玲，似水年华，葱花，眼镜蛇，夭夭。游记分三个部分第一部分图片集锦（第1页）一、动物成群二、大象起舞三、惊艳火烈鸟四、狮王争霸五、猎豹传奇六、长颈鹿漫步七、鸟儿飞翔八、斑马世界九、羚羊精灵十、百兽争春十一、马赛风情十二：儿童世界十三、桑布鲁参观十四：日出日落十五：马叉到底第二部分详细攻略（第13页）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1837088-13-1.html一、线路设计二、游猎公司的选择三、机票购买四、证办理五、健康黄皮书六、或有风险七、装备建议八、出入境九、肯尼亚简介十、肯尼亚旅游须知第三部分游猎日记（第20页）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1837088-20-1.htmlD17月26日，深圳——广州——曼谷——内罗毕1.1.第一次碰头会&饯行宴1.2.最快的一次打包1.3.备忘录1.4.机场大巴1.5.团队窗口1.6.功夫不负有心人(第21页）1.7.经停曼谷1.8.飞越印度洋1.9.谷歌地图失灵第一部分图片集锦图片集锦之一：动物成群图片集锦之二：大象起舞图片集锦之三：惊艳火烈鸟图片集锦之四：狮王争霸图片集锦之五：猎豹传奇图片集锦之六：长颈鹿漫步图片集锦之七：鸟儿飞翔图片集锦之八：斑马世界图片集锦之九：羚羊精灵图片集锦之十：百兽争春图片集锦之十一：马赛风情图片集锦之十二：儿童世界图片集锦之十三：桑布鲁参观图片集锦之十四：日出日落图片集锦之十五：马叉到底第二部分肯尼亚游猎攻略一、线路设计刚开始我们的计划是两周17天的游猎时间，景点包括肯尼亚6大国家公园：安博塞利、马赛马拉、纳库鲁湖、博格里亚湖、阿布戴尔和桑布鲁。这个行程的经济团报价都在2500美金以上。为了降低成本，我们去掉了性价比不高的安博塞利、阿布戴尔和纳库鲁湖，增加了相对便宜的甜水自然保护区和纳瓦沙，时间也从17天压缩到11天，费用则从2500美金降低到1600美金。如果还想顺道去登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗（5892米）的话，那么只需再多花7天时间和1000美金即可。以下是我们最终行程计划：D1：7月26日，广州—内罗毕肯尼亚航空21：35广州起飞，第二天肯尼亚时间6：05到达内罗毕（大约北京时间11点），飞行时间约14小时。住：飞机上吃：XXXD2：7月27日，内罗毕—马赛马拉车程：270公里，约5.5小时，经停东非大裂谷东部观景点。Game Drive：16：00～18：30住：Mara Impala Camp吃：XLDD3：7月28日，马赛马拉全天Game Drive：08：00～16：00，中午在马拉河边西式盒餐。住：Mara Impala Camp吃：BLDD4：7月29日，马赛马拉全天Game Drive：08：00～16：00，中午在马拉河边西式盒餐，下午去马赛村参观。住：Mara Impala Camp吃：BLDD5：7月30日，马赛马拉—纳瓦沙—纳库鲁车程：340公里，约6小时，Morning Game Drive：06：30～08：30，返回酒店早餐，之后驱车前往纳瓦沙湖，在镇上午餐，下午乘船游纳瓦沙湖（1小时）。游完纳瓦沙湖后前往纳库鲁，从纳瓦沙到纳库鲁，约100公里，1.5小时的车程。住：Geneview Hotel吃：BLDD6：7月31日，纳库鲁—博戈里亚—纳库鲁车程：130公里，约2小时，中途经停赤道。早起5点出发前往博戈里亚湖，到了博戈里亚湖后进入湖区观赏火烈鸟，中午返回纳库鲁，下午纳库鲁镇游玩。住：Geneview Hotel吃：BLDD7：8月1日，纳库鲁—甜水—纳纽基全程：约200公里，约4小时抵达纳纽基，入住Simba’s Hotel，中午甜水保护区（Sweet Water Tend Camp）午餐。纳纽基到甜水大约20分钟车程。Game Drive：16：00～18：30住：Simba’s Hotel吃：BLDD8：8月2日，纳纽基—桑布鲁车程：130公里，约2.5小时。Game Drive：16：00～18：30住：Samburu Sopa Lodge吃：BLDD9：8月3日，桑布鲁早上一次Game Drive：06：30～08：30，返回酒店早餐，其余时间休息，中午在酒店内午餐，傍晚一次Game Drive：16：00～18：30，中午桑布鲁村参观。住：Samburu Sopa Lodge吃：BLDD10：8月4日，桑布鲁—内罗毕车程：360公里，约7小时。沿途购物点购物，中午内罗毕午餐，下午内罗毕市内游玩、购物，晚上内罗毕国际机场肯尼亚航空KQ886航班23：35（当地时间）起飞。住：飞机上吃：BXXD11：8与5日，内罗毕—广州19：05到达广州。注：餐食中，B－早餐、L－午餐、D－晚餐、X－自理报价：4人车，每人1660美金，6人车每人1560美金。附：初始17天游猎计划D1：7月26日，广州—内罗毕，住宿：飞机上D2：7月27日，早上6：05到达内罗毕机场。内罗毕—安博塞利，住宿：安博塞利。D3：7月28日，安博塞利，住宿：安博塞利D4：7月29日，安博塞利—内罗毕，住宿：内罗毕D5：7月30日，内罗毕—马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D6：7月31日，马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D7：8月1日，马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D8：8月2日，马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D9：8月3日，马赛马拉—马赛村，住宿：Narok镇D10：8月4日，Narok镇—纳库鲁湖，住宿：纳库鲁湖D11：8月5日，纳库鲁湖—博格里亚湖，住宿：博格里亚湖D12：8月6日，博格里亚湖—阿布戴尔，住宿：阿布戴尔D13：8月7日，阿布戴尔—桑布鲁，住宿：桑布鲁D14：8月8日，桑布鲁，住宿：桑布鲁D15：8月9日，桑布鲁—内罗毕，住宿：内罗毕D16：8月10日，内罗毕一日游，晚上23：35飞机离开。住宿：飞机上D17：8月11日，内罗毕—广州，19：05抵达广州二、游猎公司的选择经过对网上中国驴友推荐的几家游猎公司和LP上推荐的几家游猎公司的信息进行整理和分析，我们挑选出6家以做经济型游猎为主的公司进行了邮件联系，及时回复的的有以下几家：1、KIBO SLOPES SAFARIS LTDHEAD OFFICE - NGONG RD, BOX 58064, 00200 NRB, KenyaTel+254 - 020-2139981 | 020- 2633217 - Cell+254 - 0-719 381 519Email Expeditions@kiboslopessafaris.com，kibo@nbnet.co.ke，info@kiboslopessafaris.com。 Webwww.KiboSlopesSafaris.Com2、Wildness Discovery Safari Limited（野外发现）联系人：汤麟，电话：000254-713146553，QQ：445943489，邮箱：445943489@qq.com，mr.gracefulkirin@gmail.comddress Rehema house, 3rd Floor Standard Street, P.O. Box 69513, Nairobi, KenyaTel00254-20-2213186Fax00254-20-2213254Web https//www.wildnessdiscovery.com 3、Safari Seekers Kenya Limited P.O.Box 9165 00300,Ronald Ngala Street,Nairobi,Kenya Tel 020 2038071/020 2498512,cell 0771580935Emailzul@safari-seekerskenya.comWebwww.safari-seekerskenya.com4、Savuka Tours & SafarisTel 254-20-2182440,8078681Mobile 254-722415643,254-770495160Emailsavuka@nbnet.co.ke，savuka@jambo.co.ke，savuka09@gmail.comBOX No 20433,00100 NRB,KenyaLoc Kileleshwa,RingRoad WestWebsite www.savukasafaris.com，www.savuka-travels.com可能是语言障碍，跟几家公司的英文邮件沟通并不顺畅，对一些我所关心的细节问，他们往往答非所问。就在此时，汤麟出现在我的视野之中。之前我并没有打算找中国人做地接，但也许是各种机缘巧合，我们最终还是选择了汤麟和他的野外发现游猎公司，主要原因有三：一是中国驴友网上评价较好；二是他曾在深圳工作，家住深圳，刚好我们有机会深圳面谈；三是他对肯尼亚游猎非常熟悉，也很专业，我们一拍即合。汤麟和他的野外发现公司([]

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